Frontier mental health research: psychedelics & drug studies

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5 papers

Anxiety or worry

Based on 41 papers

Researchers are finding several promising ways to reduce anxiety and worry. The strongest and most consistent clinical results so far come from giving psychedelic or fast‑acting drugs together with careful psychotherapy. Ketamine, MDMA, and psilocybin show the quickest and clearest positive results in trials for related problems. Non‑drug approaches like talking therapies and physical activity also help and have longer histories of evidence. At the same time, many drug studies are still small, early‑stage, or done in narrowly selected groups. Important factors that shape outcomes include how the drug is given, the therapy around it, and safety monitoring. There are real risks and unanswered questions, so scientists say more large, diverse, and carefully run trials are needed before these treatments become routine.

Key findings

  • Giving psychedelic drugs together with structured psychotherapy has produced positive results in clinical trials, especially for hard‑to‑treat depression and for PTSD when MDMA is used with therapy. 15063 15086 15053 15085
  • Clinical trials testing psychedelics specifically for people diagnosed with anxiety disorders are fewer and smaller, but a review of nine trials reported reductions in anxiety for several drugs (ketamine, LSD, MDMA, psilocybin, ayahuasca). This evidence is promising but still limited. 15068 15053
  • Ketamine can reduce depressive and anxiety‑like symptoms quickly. Animal and cell studies show low ketamine doses change glutamate receptors and boost fast synaptic activity, which likely helps its rapid effects in people. 10148 15068 15091
  • Non‑drug treatments also have solid evidence. High‑quality reviews find psychodynamic psychotherapy helps some anxiety problems, and walking and other physical activity produce medium‑sized drops in anxiety symptoms in randomized trials. 13302 8785 8792
  • How a psychedelic session is prepared and run matters a lot. Reviews and treatment guides agree that screening, preparing a person’s mindset, the physical setting, and follow‑up therapy are commonly used and considered important for safety and benefit. 15065 15086 15063 15092
  • Psychedelics appear to change the brain by increasing plasticity (the brain’s ability to form new connections) and by lowering inflammation in some studies, but human evidence for measurable blood markers (like BDNF) is mixed and not conclusive. 15132 15050 15091 15129
  • There are safety concerns and limits to generalizing results. Serious risks have been linked to some compounds (for example ibogaine can have cardiac risks), long‑lasting perceptual problems have been reported after hallucinogen use, and many trials include few people of color. 15085 15080 15048 15095
  • Many clinical trials are early‑stage or small. No psychedelic medicine is yet widely approved for anxiety disorders, and researchers call for larger, well‑controlled, and more diverse studies before changing standard care. 15078 15056 15095

Inclusion of people of color in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy: a review of the literature

Timothy I. Michaels, Jennifer Purdon, Alexis Collins, Monnica T. Williams
BMC Psychiatry Summary & key facts 2018 247 citations

The authors reviewed psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy studies published from 1993 to 2017 to see how many people of color took part. They found 18 studies with about 280 people. About 82% of participants were non-Hispanic White, while only small percentages were African American, Latino, Asian, indigenous, or mixed race. Because so…

Natural Compound Pharmacology Studies Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior Psychedelics and Drug Studies Ayahuasca LSD

The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Anxiety: A Systematic Review

Reuben Kindred, Glen Bates

This systematic review looked at 33 studies about social anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. The studies suggest social anxiety increased in the general population. Women and people with low incomes appeared more likely to report higher social anxiety. Other links to higher social anxiety included poor coping, weaker social support,…

Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes COVID-19 and Mental Health Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies

Psychedelic Mushrooms in the USA: Knowledge, Patterns of Use, and Association With Health Outcomes

Richard Matzopoulos, Robert Morlock, Amy Morlock, Bernard Lerer, Leonard Lerer
Frontiers in Psychiatry Summary & key facts 2022 41 citations

Researchers ran a national online survey of U.S. adults from November 2020 to March 2021 that was weighted to represent the adult population. They asked about use of psychedelic mushrooms (psilocybin), reasons for use, and mental health. Many users said they took mushrooms for general mental health and well-being. Users…

Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques Chemical synthesis and alkaloids Psychedelics and Drug Studies Psilocybin

Three Naturally-Occurring Psychedelics and Their Significance in the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders

Nataliya S. Vorobyeva, Alena A. Kozlova
Frontiers in Pharmacology Summary & key facts 2022 14 citations

This paper reviews research on three naturally occurring psychedelics: psilocybin, ibogaine, and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (the active part of the brew ayahuasca). It explains that these drugs work on the brain's serotonin system and summarizes growing studies that suggest they might help with problems like post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, anxiety, and…

Chemical synthesis and alkaloids Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior Psychedelics and Drug Studies Ayahuasca Ibogaine

Indigenous-Amazonian Traditional Medicine’s Usage of the Tobacco Plant: A Transdisciplinary Ethnopsychological Mixed-Methods Case Study

Ilana Berlowitz, Ernesto García Torres, Caroline Maake, Ursula Wolf, Chantal Martin‐Soelch
Plants Summary & key facts 2023 13 citations

Researchers reported a single case where a traditional Amazonian healer gave a weeklong, ritual treatment that included drinking a liquid made from the native tobacco plant. The patient was a 37-year-old woman with diagnosed low mood, anxiety, and attention problems plus a long-term physical health issue. The team used both…

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies Medicinal Plant Extracts Effects Psychedelics and Drug Studies Other
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