Socioeconomic and Psychosocial Adversity in Midlife and Depressive Symptoms Post Retirement: A 21-year Follow-up of the Whitehall II Study
Researchers followed 3,939 British civil servants from midlife into retirement (about 21 years) to see if problems in midlife predicted depressive symptoms after retirement. They measured midlife socioeconomic problems (job grade, satisfaction with standard of living) and psychosocial problems (job strain, number of close relationships), and later assessed depressive symptoms…