Frontier mental health research: psychedelics & drug studies

The Impact of Enhancing Students’ Social and Emotional Learning: A Meta-Analysis of School-Based Universal Interventions

Joseph A. Durlak, Roger P. Weissberg, Allison B. Dymnicki, Rebecca D. Taylor, Kriston B. Schellinger

Child Development • Summary & key facts • 2011 • 8,084 citations

This meta-analysis combined results from 213 school-based, universal social and emotional learning (SEL) programs involving 270,034 kindergarten-through-high-school students. Compared with control groups, students in SEL programs showed better social and emotional skills, attitudes, and behavior, and their school achievement was higher by about 11 percentile points. Regular school teaching staff…

Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Early Childhood Education and Development Parental Involvement in Education

Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review

Amelia Aldao, Susan Nolen–Hoeksema, Susanne Schweizer

PubMed • Summary & key facts • 2010 • 6,290 citations

This meta-analysis combined 241 effect sizes from 114 studies to test how six habitual emotion-regulation strategies relate to symptoms of anxiety, depression, eating disorders, and substance-related problems. Rumination showed the strongest (large) link with symptoms. Avoidance, problem solving, and suppression showed medium-to-large links, while reappraisal and acceptance showed smaller (small-to-medium)…

Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Mental Health Research Topics

The Worldwide Prevalence of ADHD: A Systematic Review and Metaregression Analysis

Guilherme V. Polanczyk, Maurício Silva de Lima, Bernardo Lessa Horta, Joseph Biederman, Luís Augusto Rohde

American Journal of Psychiatry • Summary & key facts • 2007 • 5,230 citations

Our findings suggest that geographic location plays a limited role in the reasons for the large variability of ADHD/HD prevalence estimates worldwide. Instead, this variability seems to be explained primarily by the methodological characteristics of studies.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Cognitive Abilities and Testing

Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic

COVID-19 Mental Disorders Collaborators

PubMed Central (PMC) • Summary & key facts • 2021 • 5,135 citations

This study reviewed surveys and used global models to measure how the COVID-19 pandemic changed rates of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders in 2020. It found that places with higher COVID-19 infection rates and bigger drops in movement had larger increases in these disorders. The authors estimate about 53.2…

COVID-19 and Mental Health Health disparities and outcomes Long-Term Effects of COVID-19

Antidepressant effects of ketamine in depressed patients

Robert Berman, Angela Cappiello, Amit Anand, Dan A. Oren, George R. Heninger, Dennis S. Charney, et al.

Biological Psychiatry • Summary & key facts • 2000 • 3,784 citations

In a small, carefully controlled study, seven people with major depression each received a single low-dose ketamine infusion on one day and a saline infusion on another day, without anyone knowing which was which. People who got ketamine showed clear improvement in their depressive symptoms within three days, while those…

Functional Brain Connectivity Studies Treatment of Major Depression Tryptophan and brain disorders Ketamine

A Randomized Trial of an N-methyl-D-aspartate Antagonist in Treatment-Resistant Major Depression

Carlos A. Zarate, Jaskaran Singh, Paul J. Carlson, Nancy E. Brutsché, Rezvan Ameli, David A. Luckenbaugh, et al.

Archives of General Psychiatry • Summary & key facts • 2006 • 3,698 citations

In a small, controlled study of 18 people with treatment-resistant major depression, a single intravenous dose of the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) produced rapid drops in depression scores. Improvement began within about 2 hours and remained statistically significant compared with placebo for up to 1 week. The study…

Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior Treatment of Major Depression Tryptophan and brain disorders

Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry

Christina Maslach, Michael P. Leiter

World Psychiatry • Summary & key facts • 2016 • 3,519 citations

Researchers have studied burnout for several decades. They have made tests and theories and used studies from many countries. Most work has looked at human service jobs, especially health care. Research on psychiatrists shows similar causes and results as other fields. But psychiatry also faces some unique stresses, such as…

Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout Stress and Burnout Research Workplace Health and Well-being

Psychological Stress and the Human Immune System: A Meta-Analytic Study of 30 Years of Inquiry

Suzanne C Segerstrom, Gregory E Miller

PubMed Central (PMC) • Summary & key facts • 2004 • 3,257 citations

This paper is a meta-analysis of more than 300 studies in humans that looked at links between psychological stress and measures of the immune system. It found that very short, acute stressors (minutes) were tied to increases in some natural (innate) immune measures and decreases in some specific (adaptive) immune…

Health, psychology, and well-being Stress Responses and Cortisol Tryptophan and brain disorders

The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): a short screening scale for use in the general population

Ronald C. Kessler, Lenard A. Adler, Minnie Ames, Olga Demler, Stephen V. Faraone, Eva Hiripi, et al.

PubMed • Summary & key facts • 2005 • 3,245 citations

The WHO Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) has 18 questions about recent ADHD symptoms, and a shorter six-question screener was tested against blind clinical diagnoses in 154 people from the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Each ASRS item was linked to the clinical rating, but agreement varied a lot across…

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Functional Brain Connectivity Studies Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Review of Meta-analyses

Stefan G. Hofmann, Anu Asnaani, Imke J. J. Vonk, Alice T. Sawyer, Angela Fang

Cognitive Therapy and Research • Summary & key facts • 2012 • 3,230 citations

This 2012 paper reviewed meta-analyses on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The authors found 269 meta-analytic studies and examined a representative sample of 106 reviews across many problems. They reported the strongest support for CBT for anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, bulimia, anger control problems, and general stress. The paper concluded the…

Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Personality Disorders and Psychopathology Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications

The Prevalence and Correlates of Adult ADHD in the United States: Results From the National Comorbidity Survey Replication

Ronald C. Kessler

American Journal of Psychiatry • Summary & key facts • 2006 • 2,956 citations

This U.S. study used a nationally representative household survey of 3,199 adults aged 18–44, plus clinical follow-up interviews, to measure adult ADHD. Researchers estimated that 4.4% of adults had current ADHD. Adult ADHD was more common in men, people who were previously married, those who were unemployed, and non-Hispanic white…

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Functional Brain Connectivity Studies

Mortality Rates in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and Other Eating Disorders

Jon Arcelus, Alex J. Mitchell, Jackie Wales, Søren Nielsen

Archives of General Psychiatry • Summary & key facts • 2011 • 2,760 citations

This fact sheet reports that people with eating disorders have higher death rates than the general population. Death rates are highest for anorexia nervosa (AN). Bulimia nervosa (BN) and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) have similar death rates. The sheet says older age at assessment was linked to higher…

Eating Disorders and Behaviors Impact of Technology on Adolescents Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders