Frontier mental health research: psychedelics & drug studies

The Impact of Enhancing Students’ Social and Emotional Learning: A Meta-Analysis of School-Based Universal Interventions

Joseph A. Durlak, Roger P. Weissberg, Allison B. Dymnicki, Rebecca D. Taylor, Kriston B. Schellinger

Child Development • Summary & key facts • 2011 • 8,084 citations

This meta-analysis combined results from 213 school-based, universal social and emotional learning (SEL) programs involving 270,034 kindergarten-through-high-school students. Compared with control groups, students in SEL programs showed better social and emotional skills, attitudes, and behavior, and their school achievement was higher by about 11 percentile points. Regular school teaching staff…

Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Early Childhood Education and Development Parental Involvement in Education

Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review

Amelia Aldao, Susan Nolen–Hoeksema, Susanne Schweizer

PubMed • Summary & key facts • 2010 • 6,290 citations

This meta-analysis combined 241 effect sizes from 114 studies to test how six habitual emotion-regulation strategies relate to symptoms of anxiety, depression, eating disorders, and substance-related problems. Rumination showed the strongest (large) link with symptoms. Avoidance, problem solving, and suppression showed medium-to-large links, while reappraisal and acceptance showed smaller (small-to-medium)…

Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Mental Health Research Topics

The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): a short screening scale for use in the general population

Ronald C. Kessler, Lenard A. Adler, Minnie Ames, Olga Demler, Stephen V. Faraone, Eva Hiripi, et al.

PubMed • Summary & key facts • 2005 • 3,245 citations

The WHO Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) has 18 questions about recent ADHD symptoms, and a shorter six-question screener was tested against blind clinical diagnoses in 154 people from the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Each ASRS item was linked to the clinical rating, but agreement varied a lot across…

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Functional Brain Connectivity Studies Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Effects of mindfulness on psychological health: A review of empirical studies

Shian‐Ling Keng, Moria J. Smoski, Clive J. Robins

Clinical Psychology Review • Summary & key facts • 2011 • 2,599 citations

This 2011 review looked at many studies on mindfulness and mental health. It defines mindfulness as paying attention in the present with nonjudgmental acceptance and says this involves both focusing attention and an open, curious attitude. The authors examined three kinds of research—correlational studies, intervention trials, and lab experiments—and concluded…

Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology

Nature and mental health: An ecosystem service perspective

Gregory N. Bratman, Christopher B. Anderson, Marc G. Berman, B.J. Cochran, S. de Vries, Jon Flanders, et al.

Science Advances • Summary & key facts • 2019 • 1,741 citations

This review sums up research showing that being in or exposed to nature is linked to better mental functioning and mood. Lab and field experiments find short-term improvements in stress and mood from nature sights, sounds, and walks in green places. Population studies also find people living near green or…

Land Use and Ecosystem Services Urban Agriculture and Sustainability Urban Green Space and Health

Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Stress Management in Healthy People: A Review and Meta-Analysis

Alberto Chiesa, Alessandro Serretti

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine • Summary & key facts • 2009 • 1,686 citations

MBSR is able to reduce stress levels in healthy people. However, important limitations of the included studies as well as the paucity of evidence about possible specific effects of MBSR in comparison to other nonspecific treatments underline the necessity of further research.

COVID-19 and Mental Health Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions Resilience and Mental Health

Cultures and Selves

Hazel Rose Markus, Shinobu Kitayama

Perspectives on Psychological Science • Summary & key facts • 2010 • 1,508 citations

This article reviews theory and research on how people and cultures shape each other. It defines the self as the “me” at the center of experience — a developing sense of awareness and agency that forms as a person (both brain and body) becomes tuned to different environments. The authors…

Cultural Differences and Values Social and Intergroup Psychology Social Representations and Identity

Muscle fatigue: what, why and how it influences muscle function

Roger M. Enoka, Jacques Duchateau

The Journal of Physiology • Summary & key facts • 2007 • 1,374 citations

This review explains that muscle fatigue can come from many different causes and that there is no single global cause. Fatigue is usually measured as a drop in the maximum force or power a muscle can make, but people can still do less-demanding tasks after that drop begins. Which processes…

Motor Control and Adaptation Muscle activation and electromyography studies Sports Performance and Training

Forming a story: The health benefits of narrative

James W. Pennebaker, Janel D. Seagal

Journal of Clinical Psychology • Summary & key facts • 1999 • 1,373 citations

This research found that writing about important personal experiences in an emotional way for as little as 15 minutes on three separate days was linked to better mental and physical health. The results were seen across ages, genders, cultures, social classes, and personality types. Computer text analysis showed that people…

Humor Studies and Applications Identity, Memory, and Therapy Mental Health via Writing

Self-Compassion: Theory, Method, Research, and Intervention

Kristin D. Neff

PubMed • Summary & key facts • 2023 • 721 citations

This review defines self-compassion as being supportive toward yourself during suffering and presents a six-part model (more self-kindness and common humanity and mindfulness; less self-judgment, isolation, and overidentification). It summarizes a growing set of empirical studies that suggest self-compassion helps people handle distressing thoughts and emotions and is linked to…

Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes COVID-19 and Mental Health Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions

Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Anxiety and Depression

Stefan G Hofmann, Angelina F Gómez

PubMed Central (PMC) • Summary & key facts • 2017 • 706 citations

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), especially Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), teach people to pay nonjudgmental attention to the present moment. Reviews and randomized trials show MBIs can reduce anxiety and depression symptom severity across many groups, often doing better than non-evidence treatments or active controls and performing…

Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes COVID-19 and Mental Health Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions

Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0)

Elham Tabassi

NIST • Summary & key facts • 2023 • 466 citations

The NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0) is a voluntary guide published in January 2023 to help organizations of all sizes manage the risks of AI and promote trustworthy, responsible AI. It sets out core trustworthiness goals (like safety, fairness, privacy, and reliability) and a practical structure of…

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education